Hauv kev tswj cov tsos mob ua xua, ntsuas qhov kev pab cuam zoo nrog kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub yeej ib txwm yog ib qho kev sib tw tseem ceeb. Cov tshuaj antihistamines feem ntau ua rau qaug zog, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm nruab hnub thiab kev ua ub no. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm Fexofenadine thiab yuav ua li cas nws ua tiav "drowsiness-} dawb" kev kho tsis haum.
Dab tsi yog Fexofenadine siv rau
Fexofenadine hmoovyog thib ob - tiam antihistamine siv los kho cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua xua raws caij nyoog thiab cov tawv nqaij mob.
Tsis zoo li thawj - tiam antihistamines (xws li Diphenhydramine), cov khoom tsis ua rau qaug zog vim nws tsis nkag mus hla cov ntshav- lub hlwb teeb meem.
Nws yog feem ntau siv los kho:
Kev ua xua rau lub caij nyoog (thaum ua npaws): txo cov tsos mob xws li txham, ua kua ntswg, thiab khaus / dej qhov muag tshwm sim los ntawm paj ntoos, plua plav mites, lossis tsiaj dander.
Chronic urticaria: Txo qhov khaus thiab liab txuam nrog khaus khaus thiab lwm yam pob khaus.
Kab tom: Qee zaum siv los txo qhov o thiab khaus khaus los ntawm kev tom.
Thaum lub cev raug rau ib qho kev ua xua, nws tso tawm cov tshuaj hu ua histamine. Histamine txuas rau "H1 receptors" hauv qhov ntswg, caj pas, thiab tawv nqaij, ua rau mob thiab khaus khaus. Fexofenadine thaiv cov receptors no, tiv thaiv histamine los ntawm kev ua rau cov tsos mob tsis zoo.Yog tias koj tseem xav tau fexofenadine, thov hu rau Xi'an Sonwu.
Puas yog Diphenhydramine thiab Fexofenadine tib yam tshuaj
Tsis yog, Diphenhydramine thiab Fexofenadine yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob tiam ntawm cov tshuaj no yog nyob rau hauv seb lawv hla cov ntshav - lub hlwb teeb meem: Diphenhydramine muaj lub zog hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb, ua rau muaj kev tsaug zog tseem ceeb, thiab muaj lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev ua; Fexofenadine tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub paj hlwb, ua rau qaug zog me ntsis, thiab muaj lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau ntev -kev kho qhov tsis haum rau nruab hnub.
Kev sib piv ntxaws:
1. Diphenhydramine belongs rau cov laus tiam ntawm cov tshuaj, nrog rau qhov pib sai sai tab sis muaj kev phiv loj heev.
Nws tuaj yeem siv los kho kev ua xua lossis kev ua xua, txo cov kev mob tshwm sim, ua haujlwm pw tsaug zog, thiab, hauv qee tus neeg, txo cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob Parkinson. Sedation yog ib qho kev phiv tshwm sim, thiab nws yuav ua rau lub qhov ncauj qhuav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab noj hniav thiab ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) yog tias siv Diphenhydramine ntau zaus.
2. Fexofenadine
Nws yog siv los txo cov tsos mob ntawm hay fever lossis kev ua xua, xws li kua ntswg, khaus qhov muag, txham, khaus qhov ntswg thiab caj pas, lossis pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los kho mob urticaria. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias Fexofenadine muaj cov nyhuv sedative tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua li Diphenhydramine vim nws lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, thiab nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub neej txhua hnub, tsav tsheb, lossis kev kawm. Nws yog ib qho ntawm "tsawg kawg tsaug zog" antihistamines tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam.
Yog li, yog tias koj xav tau ua haujlwm lossis tsav tsheb thaum nruab hnub, thov xaiv Fexofenadine.
Yog tias koj pw tsis tsaug zog vim kev ua xua - ua kom khaus khaus lossis yog tias koj muaj qhov tshwm sim sai, mob ua xua, Diphenhydramine yuav zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, thov nco ntsoov nws cov kev mob tshwm sim sedative.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Fexofenadine
Fexofenadine muaj cov txheej txheem meej ntawm kev ua, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li kho cov kev ua xua yam tsis ua rau "mob hlwb" lossis qaug zog xws li cov neeg laus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Nws txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem tawg ua peb txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb:
1. Selective H1 receptor antagonism (inverse agonism)
Technically, nws yog inverse agonist ntawm peripheral H1 receptors.
Histamine yog ib yam tshuaj uas khi rau H1 receptors zoo li tus yuam sij, "ua kom" cov receptors thiab ua rau cov tsos mob ua xua. Cov khoom kuj khi rau cov receptors, tab sis nws tsis qhib lawv. Hloov chaw, nws khaws cov receptors nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsis ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev tuav lub "xauv," nws tiv thaiv histamine los ntawm kev khi, zoo tiv thaiv kev tsis haum tshuaj ntawm nws qhov chaw.
2. High peripheral selectivity
Tsis zoo li thawj - tiam antihistamines (xws li Diphenhydramine), nws yog ib qho kev xaiv heev. Nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm hom receptors hauv lub cev, uas piav qhia nws qhov kev nyab xeeb zoo: nws tsis khi rau muscarinic receptors, yog li nws tsis tshua muaj kev phiv nrog cov tshuaj laus, xws li qhov ncauj qhuav, qhov muag tsis pom kev, lossis cem quav. Nws kuj tsis cuam tshuam nrog - lossis -adrenergic receptors, yog li nws tsis cuam tshuam rau ntshav siab lossis lub plawv dhia.
3. "Non-drowsy" mechanism (ntshav-brain barrier)
Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim yog nws qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub hlwb. Feem ntau cov tshuaj tuaj yeem hla cov ntshav -brain barrier (BBB) thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb. Tseem, nws yog thaiv los ntawm ob yam: cov khoom yog ib tug "zwitterion" (lub molecule nrog ob qho tib si zoo thiab tsis zoo nqi). Qhov no ua rau nws muaj polar heev, txhais tau tias nws tsis yooj yim hla cov lipid membrane ntawm cov ntshav - hlwb teeb meem. Tib lub sijhawm, txawm tias me me ntawm cov tshuaj tswj tau hla cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv, lub cev muaj "kev ruaj ntseg" protein hu ua P-gp. Cov protein no paub txog Fexofenadine thiab nquag tso nws rov qab rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub hlwb. Vim tias cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem nyob twj ywm hauv lub hlwb thiab khi rau hauv nruab nrab H1 receptors, nws tsis cuam tshuam nrog histamine lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhawb kev wakefulness nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb. Nws yog absorbed sai heev, ncav cuag cov nyhuv hauv 1-3 teev. Nws txoj kev metabolic txawv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj; Tsuas yog li 5% yog metabolized los ntawm lub siab. Qhov seem seem tseem nyob hauv nws daim ntawv nquag. Nws yog feem ntau tshem tawm ntawm lub cev hauv nws daim ntawv qub, feem ntau los ntawm cov quav (80%) thiab zis (12%).
Rau cov lus nug txog fexofenadine hmoov nqi lossis khoom, thov hu rau peb ncaj qha ntawm Xi'an Sonwu.
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